Heang Tang / 8
食不厌精,脍不厌细。食饐而餲,鱼馁而肉败,不食,色恶不食,臭恶不食,失饪不食,不时不食。割不正不食,不得其酱不食。肉虽多,不使胜食气,惟酒无量,不及乱。沽酒市脯不食。不撤姜食。不多食。祭于公,不宿肉。祭肉不出三日,出三日,不食之矣。食不语,寝不言。虽疏食菜羹,瓜祭,必齐如也。
Modern Chinese Guide
粮食舂得越精越好,肉切得越细越好。粮食陈旧变味了,鱼和肉腐烂了,都不吃。食物颜色变坏了不吃,气味难闻了不吃,烹调不当不吃,不到该吃的时候不吃。肉切得不方正不吃,没有合适的调味酱料不吃。席上肉虽然多,吃的量也不超过主食。只有酒不限量,但也不喝到醉乱的地步。买来的酒和市上买来的肉干不吃。姜每餐都不撤去,但也不多吃。参加国君祭祀分到的祭肉,不留过夜。自家祭祀用过的肉,存放不超过三天,超过三天,就不再吃了。吃饭的时候不交谈,睡觉的时候不说话。即使是粗饭菜汤,饭前也一定要取出一点来祭祀祖先,而且态度必定像斋戒时那样恭敬严肃。
James Legge Translation
1. He did not dislike to have his rice finely cleaned, nor to have his minced meat cut quite small. 2. He did not eat rice which had been injured by heat or damp and turned sour, nor fish or flesh which was gone. He did not eat what was discoloured, or what was of a bad flavour, nor anything which was ill-cooked, or was not in season. 3. He did not eat meat which was not cut properly, nor what was served without its proper sauce. 4. Though there might be a large quantity of meat, he would not allow what he took to exceed the due proportion for the rice. It was only in wine that he laid down no limit for himself, but he did not allow himself to be confused by it. 5. He did not partake of wine and dried meat bought in the market. 6. He was never without ginger when he ate. 7. He did not eat much. 8. When he had been assisting at the prince's sacrifice, he did not keep the flesh which he received overnight. The flesh of his family sacrifice he did not keep over three days. If kept over three days, people could not eat it. 9. When eating, he did not converse. When in bed, he did not speak. 10. Although his food might be coarse rice and vegetable soup, he would offer a little of it in sacrifice with a grave, respectful air.
Notes and themes
- 底本:Wikisource 整理的 James Legge《The Chinese Classics》公版中英文本。
- 中文由繁体转为简体,后续白话解释需逐章审校。
- 白话参考底本:《白话论语读本》,张兆瑢、沈元起编译,上海广益书局1948 年新三版。
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